Backbone is the colloquial TermVertebrae Column is a Formal Term Spinal Column in relation to Spinal Cord
The main function of the spinal column (vertebral column) is to protect the spinal cord. The spinal cord is a soft bundle of nerves that sends messages between the brain and the rest of the body. Since it controls movement, sensation, and reflexes, it is very important to keep it safe.The bones that protect it are called vertebrae, which are stacked on top of each other like building blocks. Between each vertebra are cartilage discs that act as cushions and allow flexibility, so we can bend and move without damaging the spinal cord.