A moral dilemma happens when a person is forced to choose between two or more actions, and each choice has a moral reason behind it but also leads to a problem. In short, no matter what you choose, something important is sacrificed. According to the PHILO-Notes video, moral dilemmas show the conflict between values, duties, or principles. Moral dilemmas matter because they teach us how to weigh our choices carefully and reflect on what values are most important to us.