In Computer Science / Junior High School | 2025-08-25

1. Briefly explain how people use computers every day and provide a few examples.










2. What devices in many household appliances can store, retrieve, and process information?






The Impact of Computers
3. Complete the table summarizing how computers have affected people's daily lives.
Area or industry
Effect

With the invention of the internet, people can message and share things instantly through email, social networking, and videoconferencing.
Education






Doctors can organize and access patient data more easily; researchers can find treatments for diseases more quickly; and robotic surgery allows surgeons to make smaller incisions.

Cars run more efficiently; traffic lights can be timed and coordinated; and air traffic controllers can more safely guide aircraft.
Entertainment






Farmers can increase food production and use robots or other automated machines to perform tasks; crops can be analyzed to improve yields and nutrition.
Shopping






Computers collect data from satellites, weather balloons, and buoys; they help meteorologists track storms and other severe weather and offer local and national forecasts; and analysis of this data may help predict earthquakes and other natural disasters in the future.


Major Events in Computer Science History
4. Complete the table to describe each inventor or computer scientist, his or her invention or contribution, and when it occurred.
Inventor or computer scientist
Invention or contribution
Tim Berners-Lee






1936: Designs a computer that can store a program; invents the Enigma machine to crack the Nazis' secret codes
Kathleen Booth






1833: Designs the Analytical Engine, generally considered to be the first design of a mechanical computer
John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz






1996: Create a ranking system that checks the importance of a website. This leads to development of the Google search engine.
John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert






1959: Helps create and popularize the high-level programming language COBOL, which by the 1970s becomes the most widely used computer language in the world
Bill Gates and Ed Fries






1843: Publishes a program that would allow the Analytical Engine to calculate equations, making her the first computer programmer
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak







Abstraction
5. Abstraction is achieved by hiding unnecessary details from the user. Circle three tasks that are simpler for you to perform because of abstraction.
You press a button in an elevator, and it takes you to the floor you choose, stops, and opens the door.
You perform mathematical computations in your head.
You operate a smartphone by clicking on a touch screen or giving a voice command.
You repair broken household appliances and other devices.
You learn more about the future of computers.
You play video games with friends who live in other parts of the country or the world.

How Have Computers Affected Your Life?
6. Complete the table summarizing ways that computers have changed people's daily lives.
Activity
Before computers
With computers
Getting the news
Read a newspaper or watch or listen to a news report at a scheduled time on the TV or radio
Go to a website on a computer or smart device
Weather forecasting
Watch a weather report on TV, read it in the newspaper, or hear it on the radio





Watching TV
Wait for a show to air at a scheduled date and time





Communicating
Talk in person, write a letter, or call on a landline phone





Listening to music
Catch a song on the radio or buy it on a record, tape, or CD





Doing schoolwork and research
Attend school in a building and check out books from a library







The Impact of Computers
7. Complete the diagram that summarizes the impacts of computers on different parts of our lives.

can you answer them

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