The literary element that refers to the attitude of the writer towards his or her subject is called tone. Tone in literature is the author's attitude or approach toward the central theme or subject they are writing about. It is conveyed through the author's choice of words, sentence structure, and details. Tone can express various attitudes such as seriousness, humor, sarcasm, sadness, cheerfulness, or any other emotional stance. Tone helps readers understand how the author feels about the topic and shapes their response to the work.