Sumerian Code – Refers to the earliest known written laws, such as the Code of Ur-Nammu (around 2100 BCE). It set rules on crimes, punishments, property, and family matters, aiming to keep order in Sumerian cities.Babylonian Code – The most famous is the Code of Hammurabi (around 1754 BCE). It contains 282 laws covering trade, wages, marriage, theft, and justice, using the principle “an eye for an eye.”