Distillation involves several key processes:1.) Heating - The liquid mixture is heated, causing the component with the lowest boiling point to vaporize first.2.) Vaporization - The liquid turns into a gas (vapor).3.) Separation - The vapor is separated from the remaining liquid.4.) Condensation - The vapor is cooled, causing it to change back into a liquid (condensate). This usually happens in a condenser, a cooled tube.5.) Collection - The condensed liquid (distillate) is collected separately from the original mixture.