Answer:If you throw a ball upward with the same velocity on Mars as on Earth, the differences in gravity will affect how high and how long the ball travels. Here’s the comparison:---a. How would you compare the ball's maximum height to that on Earth?On Mars, the gravitational acceleration is about 1/3 of Earth’s (≈ 3.7 m/s² on Mars vs. 9.8 m/s² on Earth). Since gravity pulls down less strongly, the ball will rise higher on Mars.Answer: The ball would reach 3 times higher on Mars than on Earth.---b. How would its flight time compare?Flight time depends on how long it takes the ball to go up and come down. With lower gravity on Mars, it takes longer to slow down on the way up and longer to fall back down.Answer: The ball's total flight time would be longer on Mars — specifically, about √3 ≈ 1.73 times longer.