what is saturated solution and unsaturated solution
Answer (1)
A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given solvent at a specific temperature and pressure, while an unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute at the same conditions. In simpler terms, if you keep adding salt to water, at some point, the water will stop dissolving salt, and this point represents a saturated solution. Any solution with less salt dissolved than the maximum possible is unsaturated. Here's a more detailed explanation:Saturated Solution:Definition:A solution where the solvent has dissolved the maximum amount of solute possible at a given temperature and pressure. Dynamic Equilibrium:At saturation, the rate at which solute dissolves equals the rate at which it recrystallizes (or precipitates) back out of the solution. Example:If you keep adding sugar to a glass of water and stirring, eventually the sugar will stop dissolving, and the excess will settle at the bottom. This point represents a saturated solution. Unsaturated Solution:Definition:A solution where the solvent can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature and pressure. Example:A glass of water with a small amount of sugar dissolved in it is an unsaturated solution. You can add more sugar and it will dissolve. Key Differences:FeatureSaturated SolutionUnsaturated SolutionSolute CapacityContains the maximum possible soluteContains less than the maximum possible soluteDissolving AbilityCannot dissolve more soluteCan dissolve more soluteEquilibriumIn dynamic equilibrium with undissolved soluteNot in equilibrium with undissolved soluteConcentrationHigher concentration of soluteLower concentration of solute
