In 1921, the Czech painter František Kupka exhibited his work “Amorpha: Fugue in Two Colors”, which became one of the earliest examples of pure abstract painting in modern art history. The term “Fugue” in the title comes from music, where a fugue is a composition built on repeating and interweaving themes. Kupka applied this musical idea to visual art by using pure shapes and colors instead of realistic figures, creating a sense of rhythm and movement.This painting was important because it broke away from traditional representation—instead of painting recognizable objects, Kupka focused on color harmonies, geometric forms, and emotional impact. His work helped shape the early abstraction movement, inspiring other artists to explore painting that was free from depicting the physical world, and instead focused on the visual expression of ideas and feelings.