1. b. detergents(Detergents are surfactants that penetrate and soften soils effectively.)2. a. sanitizing(Sanitizing involves killing germs using heat, chemicals, or radiation.)3. d. abrasive cleaners(Abrasive cleaners physically scrub off heavy dirt and deposits.)4. a. chemicals seems incomplete. Likely the question wants the methods and hot water, steam and hot air are physical sanitizing methods rather than chemicals.If the question means choosing a term related to those methods, the closest correct would be a. sanitizing again.