What is the function of the small intestine in the digestive system?
A. To absorb nutrients
B. To store bile
C. To break down fats
D. To eliminate solid waste
Answer (1)
The correct answer is A. To absorb nutrients The small intestine is one of the most important organs in the digestive system, and its primary function is the absorption of nutrients. After the stomach breaks down food into a semi-liquid mixture called chyme, it is passed into the small intestine where the majority of digestion and nutrient absorption occurs.The small intestine is made up of three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. In the duodenum, enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver are added to help break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The jejunum and ileum are responsible for absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream.The inner lining of the small intestine is covered with tiny, finger-like projections called villi, which are further lined with microvilli. This structure increases the surface area for absorption, allowing the intestine to efficiently absorb vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, and sugars.Once absorbed, these nutrients enter the blood or lymph and are transported to various parts of the body to be used for energy, growth, and repair. Without a properly functioning small intestine, a person would suffer from malnutrition even if they ate regularly.In contrast:The gallbladder stores bile.The large intestine absorbs water and eliminates waste.Fats are broken down with the help of bile and enzymes, but absorption of their building blocks happens in the small intestine.
