How does the body maintain temperature through thermoregulation?
Answer (1)
Thermoregulation is the process by which the body maintains a stable core temperature (around 37°C or 98.6°F), even when the external temperature changes. This is essential because most enzymes in the body only work within a narrow temperature range.Controlled by: the hypothalamus, which acts as the body’s thermostat.When body temperature rises (e.g., from heat or exercise):Sweat glands activate, releasing sweat that cools the body through evaporation.Blood vessels near the skin dilate (vasodilation) to increase heat loss.Behavioral responses include seeking shade or removing clothing.When body temperature drops:Muscles shiver to produce heat through rapid contractions.Blood vessels constrict (vasoconstriction) to retain heat.Hair stands on end (piloerection) to trap air and insulate.Metabolism increases slightly to produce more heat.Disorders in thermoregulation, such as hyperthermia or hypothermia, can be life-threatening if not corrected quickly. Maintaining temperature is key to homeostasis, and the body uses both nervous and endocrine systems to achieve it.
