How does the diaphragm function in breathing?
Answer (1)
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. It is the primary muscle involved in breathing (respiration).During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, enlarging the chest cavity. This expansion reduces the air pressure inside the lungs compared to the outside air, causing air to flow in.During exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its dome shape, reducing the chest cavity’s volume and pushing air out of the lungs.The diaphragm works automatically, controlled by the brainstem, particularly the medulla oblongata. Without the diaphragm’s movement, we would not be able to breathe efficiently. Damage to the diaphragm or its nerve supply (like the phrenic nerve) can lead to respiratory problems.
