White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes, are critical components of the immune system. Their main job is to defend the body against infections, pathogens, and foreign substances. There are several types of white blood cells, each with specific functions.Key WBCs include:Neutrophils: First responders that destroy bacteria through phagocytosis.Lymphocytes: Includes B cells (which produce antibodies) and T cells (which kill infected cells and help regulate immune responses).Monocytes: Develop into macrophages, which digest pathogens and dead cells.Eosinophils and Basophils: Involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites.White blood cells circulate in the blood and lymphatic system, constantly scanning for signs of infection. When a pathogen is detected, WBCs activate an immune response, which may include inflammation, fever, and the production of antibodies.WBC count is a common diagnostic tool: a high count may indicate infection, while a low count may signal immune deficiency or bone marrow issues.