Metaphysical philosophies influenced what we teach, how we teach, and why we teach. They helped build the foundation of today’s education systems by shaping its goals and methods. From the history of education, we learn that metaphysical philosophies helped shape how we view the purpose of learning and teaching. Idealism – Believes that ideas and the mind are most important. Education focuses on developing moral values, reasoning, and the inner self. Example: Teaching students about truth, beauty, and goodness.Realism – Focuses on the physical world and facts. Education must be based on science and observable truths. Example: Subjects like Math and Science follow this view.Pragmatism – Believes that truth changes and learning must be practical. Education is experience-based. Example: Students learn by doing, like in experiments or real-life activities.Existentialism – Focuses on personal freedom and choice. Education helps students find their own purpose. Example: Letting students choose topics that matter to them.