Main Mechanisms of Change in a Population MutationA random change in DNA that introduces new traits.Can be helpful, harmful, or neutral.Gene FlowMovement of genes between populations (migration).Adds new traits to a population and reduces differences between groups.Genetic DriftRandom changes in gene frequency, especially in small populations.Can cause loss of traits over time.Natural SelectionTraits that help survival and reproduction become more common.Unhelpful traits disappear.Non-Random Mating (Sexual Selection)Mates are chosen based on certain traits, which become more common.Example: Bright feathers in birds attract mates.