Kabihasnang Ehipto" refers to the ancient Egyptian civilization. This refers to the rich and influential civilization that arose along the Nile River in northeastern Africa. It's known for its impressive monuments like the pyramids and Sphinx, its hieroglyphic writing system, and its advanced understanding of mathematics, medicine, and astronomy, according to educational resources. The civilization's history is typically divided into periods based on ruling dynasties, spanning from roughly 3300 BCE to its conquest by other powers, says educational resources. Here's a more detailed breakdown:Nile River's Importance:The Nile River was the lifeblood of ancient Egypt, providing water for agriculture, transportation, and trade. The annual floods deposited fertile silt, making the land ideal for farming. Early Kingdoms:Two kingdoms initially existed, Upper and Lower Egypt, which were later united by King Narmer (or Menes), says a study guide for students. Key Dynasties and Pharaohs:The civilization's history is marked by different dynasties, with notable rulers like King Djoser, who commissioned the first pyramid, and Khufu, builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza. Cultural Achievements:Ancient Egypt developed a complex system of writing (hieroglyphics), impressive architectural feats (pyramids, temples, tombs), and advanced knowledge in various fields. End of Independence:The civilization eventually fell under the control of foreign powers like the Persians, Greeks, and Romans, marking the end of its independent rule.