Answer:Panitikan, a term deeply rooted in Filipino culture, translates directly to "literature" in English. However, its meaning extends beyond a simple definition, encompassing a rich tapestry of written and oral artistic expressions reflecting the Filipino experience, history, and identity. It's a vital component of Filipino culture, serving as a powerful tool for preserving heritage, shaping national identity, and providing social commentary
Answer:Panitikan is the Filipino/Tagalog word for "literature." It encompasses all forms of written and oral literary works in the Philippines, including:Traditional forms:Epic poems (epiko) like Biag ni Lam-ang and HinilawodFolk tales (kuwentong-bayan)Riddles (bugtong)Proverbs (salawikain)Folk songs (awiting-bayan)Modern forms:Poetry (tula)Short stories (maikling kuwento)Novels (nobela)Essays (sanaysay)Drama (dula)Philippine literature has evolved through several periods: pre-colonial (oral traditions), Spanish colonial period (religious and secular works), American period (English influence), Japanese occupation, and contemporary times. It reflects the rich cultural heritage of the Philippines and is written in various languages including Tagalog, English, and other regional languages.The study of panitikan is an important part of Filipino education, helping preserve cultural identity and artistic expression while documenting the nation's history, values, and experiences through literary works.