1. Law of Inertia (1st Law) Problem: Maria placed her phone on the dashboard of a car. When the driver suddenly stopped, the phone slid forward.Question: Why did the phone move even though the car stopped? 2. Law of Acceleration (2nd Law) Problem: A force of 20 N is applied to a 4 kg box. Question: What is the acceleration of the box? Problem: A force of 30 N is applied to a box with a mass of 6 kg. Question: What is the acceleration of the box? Problem: A force of 120 N causes an object to accelerate at 4 m/s². Question: What is the mass of the object? 3. Law of Interaction (3rd Law) Problem: When a boy jumps off a small boat onto a dock, the boat moves backward. Question: Why does the boat move in the opposite direction?
Answer (1)
Answer:1. Law of Inertia (1st Law) Problem:Scenario: Maria placed her phone on the dashboard of a car. When the driver suddenly stopped, the phone slid forward.Question: Why did the phone move even though the car stopped?Answer: The phone moved forward even though the car stopped due to the Law of Inertia (Newton's First Law of Motion). This law states that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.Before the car stopped, both the car and the phone were in motion, moving forward together. When the car suddenly stopped, a force was applied to the car (the brakes), causing it to decelerate. However, no direct stopping force was immediately applied to the phone. According to the law of inertia, the phone tended to maintain its state of forward motion. Since there was nothing to stop the phone as quickly as the car, it continued to move forward relative to the car's now stationary dashboard, causing it to slide.2. Law of Acceleration (2nd Law) Problems:Newton's Second Law of Motion states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. The formula is: F = ma (Force = mass × acceleration).Problem 1: A force of 20 N is applied to a 4 kg box.Question: What is the acceleration of the box?Solution:Given:Force (F) = 20 NMass (m) = 4 kgUsing the formula F = ma, we can rearrange to find acceleration (a = F/m):a = 20 N / 4 kga = 5 m/s²Answer: The acceleration of the box is 5 m/s².Problem 2: A force of 30 N is applied to a box with a mass of 6 kg.Question: What is the acceleration of the box?Solution:Given:Force (F) = 30 NMass (m) = 6 kgUsing the formula a = F/m:a = 30 N / 6 kga = 5 m/s²Answer: The acceleration of the box is 5 m/s².Problem 3: A force of 120 N causes an object to accelerate at 4 m/s².Question: What is the mass of the object?Solution:Given:Force (F) = 120 NAcceleration (a) = 4 m/s²Using the formula F = ma, we can rearrange to find mass (m = F/a):m = 120 N / 4 m/s²m = 30 kgAnswer: The mass of the object is 30 kg.3. Law of Interaction (3rd Law) Problem:Scenario: When a boy jumps off a small boat onto a dock, the boat moves backward.Question: Why does the boat move in the opposite direction?Answer: The boat moves in the opposite direction due to the Law of Interaction (Newton's Third Law of Motion). This law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.When the boy jumps off the boat (the action), he exerts a force on the boat in the direction opposite to his jump (i.e., backward relative to his jump, which is forward onto the dock). In response, the boat exerts an equal and opposite force on the boy, propelling him forward towards the dock. Because the boat is on the water and has less mass and friction compared to the dock, it visibly reacts to the boy's push by moving backward. The boy pushes the boat, and the boat pushes the boy.
