what are the functions of earths atmosphere
Answer (1)
Answer:The Earth's atmosphere performs five key functions that support life and protect the planet: 1. Protection from Harmful Radiation The atmosphere acts as a shield against ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, cosmic rays, and solar flares. The ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs most UV rays, preventing damage to DNA and skin . 2. Temperature Regulation Gases in the atmosphere trap solar energy (greenhouse effect) and redistribute heat globally, maintaining habitable temperatures. Without it, Earth’s surface would experience extreme swings: 80°C during the day and -140°C at night . 3. Physical Barrier The atmosphere burns up small meteorites and space debris through friction, protecting Earth from constant bombardment. Larger objects break apart, reducing the risk of catastrophic impacts . 4. Weather and Water Cycle The atmosphere drives weather patterns through air convection and holds water vapor, enabling the water cycle. This process delivers life-sustaining precipitation to continents . 5. Breathing and Photosynthesis The troposphere contains 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen, essential for respiration. It also supports photosynthesis in plants . These functions are enabled by the atmosphere’s layered structure, which includes the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere .
