characteristics of solid
Answer (1)
• Definite Shape: Solids maintain their own distinct shape and do not take the shape of their container.• Definite Volume: Solids occupy a fixed amount of space and their volume does not change when moved to a different container.• Strong Intermolecular Forces: The particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) within a solid are held together by very strong forces of attraction.• Particles are Closely Packed: The strong forces result in particles being very close to each other.• Fixed Particle Positions: Particles in a solid are not free to move past each other; they are essentially fixed in their positions.• Vibrational Movement: Although fixed, the particles still vibrate or oscillate around their fixed equilibrium positions.• High Density: Due to the close packing of particles, solids generally have a high density.• Incompressibility: Solids are very difficult to compress because there is very little empty space between their tightly packed particles.• Rigidity: Their fixed shape and strong internal forces give solids a high degree of rigidity.• Slow Diffusion: The movement of particles is very restricted, leading to a very slow rate of diffusion in solids (e.g., if you place two solids together, it takes a very long time for their particles to intermix).• High Melting Points: Due to the strong intermolecular forces, a significant amount of energy (heat) is required to overcome these forces and cause the solid to melt into a liquid.
