Which organelle modifies, packages, and secretes proteins and lipids?
Answer (1)
Answer:The Golgi apparatus (also known as the Golgi complex or Golgi body) is the organelle responsible for modifying, packaging, and secreting proteins and lipids. Modification, Packaging, and Secretion: Proteins and lipids synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are transported to the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. Within the Golgi, these molecules undergo various modifications, including glycosylation (addition of carbohydrates) and phosphorylation (addition of phosphate groups). These modifications are crucial for their proper function and targeting. After modification, the proteins and lipids are sorted and packaged into new vesicles for transport to their final destinations—either secretion outside the cell (exocytosis) or delivery to other organelles within the cell . Structure and Function: The Golgi apparatus consists of a series of flattened, membrane-bound sacs called cisternae, arranged in a stack. The stack has a cis face (receiving end) and a trans face (shipping end). Proteins and lipids move through the cisternae, undergoing modifications at each stage . Importance: The Golgi apparatus plays a vital role in cellular function by ensuring that proteins and lipids are correctly processed and delivered to their appropriate locations. Its malfunction can lead to various cellular and organismal disorders .
