A volcano is a natural opening on the Earth’s surface where molten rock, gas, and ash are released. Volcanoes form at the edges of tectonic plates and can be active, dormant, or extinct. When pressure builds up inside the Earth, a volcanic eruption can occur.Volcanoes have both destructive and beneficial effects. They can destroy towns and forests, like what happened during the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991. Lava flows, ashfall, and mudflows can cause loss of life and damage to agriculture. However, volcanic ash can also make soil very fertile, and geothermal energy from volcanoes can be used for electricity.People living near volcanoes must be prepared. In the Philippines, many volcanoes are active, such as Mayon, Taal, and Kanlaon. The PHIVOLCS agency monitors volcanic activity and gives warnings to ensure public safety.In conclusion, volcanoes are powerful forces of nature. They remind us of Earth’s inner energy and the importance of disaster preparedness. With proper monitoring and public awareness, we can reduce the risks and protect lives.