Missing details of electromagnetic wave
Answer (1)
Nature of Electromagnetic WavesThey are transverse waves consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.These fields are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of wave propagation.They do not require a medium and can travel through the vacuum of space.Speed of Electromagnetic WavesIn a vacuum, they travel at the speed of light (c = 3.0 × 10⁸ m/s).The speed decreases when traveling through materials (like water, glass, etc.).Spectrum of Electromagnetic WavesArranged in order of increasing frequency/decreasing wavelength.Radio wavesMicrowavesInfraredVisible light (ROYGBIV)UltravioletX-raysGamma raysEnergy and Frequency RelationshipEnergy is directly proportional to frequency, E = hf,where E is energy, h is Planck’s constant, and f is frequency.ApplicationsEach type of wave has specific uses.Radio waves – BroadcastingMicrowaves – Cooking, radarInfrared – Night vision, remote controlsVisible light – Human visionUltraviolet – SterilizationX-rays – Medical imagingGamma rays – Cancer treatmentPolarizationEM waves can be polarized, meaning the direction of the electric field can be restricted to a single plane.
