Electromagnetic waves are waves that consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which travel through space at the speed of light. These waves do not need a medium to move; they can travel through a vacuum. Examples include visible light, radio waves, microwaves, X-rays, and gamma rays.The electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of the wave’s travel. Electromagnetic waves carry energy and information. They are created by accelerating charged particles, like electrons. The waves vary in wavelength and frequency, which determine their type and energy. For example, radio waves have long wavelengths and low frequency, while gamma rays have very short wavelengths and high frequency.Electromagnetic waves are crucial in everyday life—they enable communication through radio, TV, and cell phones, and medical technologies like X-rays. Understanding them helps us harness energy and develop advanced technology.