The international community responded to the Darfur crisis with humanitarian aid, peacekeeping forces (UNAMID), diplomatic efforts, sanctions, and International Criminal Court (ICC) indictments. While a massive aid effort likely saved lives and UNAMID provided some protection, the response faced significant challenges including Sudanese government obstruction, logistical difficulties, and the ongoing fragmentation of rebel groups. The conflict and human suffering have persisted, indicating limited overall success in achieving a lasting resolution and fully protecting civilians.