b. Explain the principles of thermal efficiency in relation to diesel engine, steamturbine, and gas turbine.
Answer (1)
Answer:Principles of Thermal Efficiency in Relation to Diesel Engine, Steam Turbine, and Gas Turbine:1. Diesel Engine:Thermal efficiency in a diesel engine is based on how well the engine converts the heat from fuel combustion into mechanical work. It operates on the Diesel cycle, which has higher compression ratios than gasoline engines, leading to better efficiency. However, heat losses through exhaust and cooling systems reduce overall efficiency.2. Steam Turbine:In a steam turbine, thermal efficiency depends on the efficiency of converting heat energy from steam into mechanical energy. It operates on the Rankine cycle. The efficiency is affected by steam temperature and pressure, turbine design, and heat losses in the system. Condensing the steam to a low temperature improves efficiency.3. Gas Turbine:Gas turbines operate on the Brayton cycle. Thermal efficiency increases with higher turbine inlet temperatures and pressure ratios. Unlike steam turbines, gas turbines compress air, mix it with fuel, and ignite it for expansion through the turbine. Advanced materials and cooling techniques are used to handle high temperatures and improve efficiency.In summary, all three systems aim to convert heat into work, but their efficiency is influenced by cycle type, temperature, pressure, and heat losses.
