Jesus Christ established the Catholic Church more than 2,000 years ago, in the first century AD. Through his teachings and the selection of leaders to carry on his work after his death, Christians hold that Jesus founded the Church.One of Jesus' twelve apostles, Saint Peter, is regarded as the first Pope in Catholic tradition. This belief stems from the New Testament, particularly the Gospel of Matthew, in which Jesus gives Peter the "keys of the kingdom of heaven" and refers to him as the "rock" upon which the Church will be built.