Answer:The Subanen people, indigenous to the Zamboanga Peninsula in Mindanao, are one of the earliest inhabitants of the region, with their name meaning "people of the river." Historically, they practiced slash-and-burn agriculture, hunting, and fishing, and held animist beliefs. During the Spanish colonial period, they largely avoided Spanish control by retreating into remote areas. In the 20th century, the Subanen faced displacement due to the migration of settlers and changes brought by American colonization, which introduced formal education and land policies. Today, the Subanen continue to struggle with issues related to land rights, cultural preservation, and marginalization, while also actively advocating for their identity and ancestral domains.