information about heat conduction, thermal conductors, thermal insulators, thermal flow and thermal radiation
Answer (1)
1. Heat ConductionDefinition: The transfer of heat through a solid material without the movement of the material itself.How it works: Heat moves from the hot part of the object to the cooler part due to vibrating particles passing energy to neighboring particles.Example: A metal spoon gets hot from the bottom when placed in a pot of hot soup.[tex]__________[/tex]2. Thermal ConductorsDefinition: Materials that allow heat to pass through them **easily**.Characteristics: Have free electrons that quickly transfer energy.Examples: Metals (like copper, aluminum, silver) and Graphite[tex]__________[/tex]3. Thermal InsulatorsDefinition: Materials that do not allow heat to pass through them easily.Characteristics: Have particles that are far apart or not free to move, so they resist heat flow.Examples: Wood, Plastic, Wool, Styrofoam and Air[tex]__________[/tex]4. Thermal Flow (Heat Flow)Definition: The movement of heat from one place to another.Direction: Always flows from hotter to cooler objects until thermal equilibrium is reached.Factors Affecting Flow: Temperature difference, Material type, Thickness and area of the material[tex]__________[/tex]5. Thermal RadiationDefinition: The transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves (infrared), without needing particles or a medium. Can happen in space (unlike conduction/convection).Example: Feeling warmth from the Sun or a campfire. Good Radiators: Dark, matte surfacesPoor Radiators: Light, shiny surfaces
