1. Producers (Autotrophs) – These are organisms like plants, algae, and some bacteria that produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. 2. Consumers (Heterotrophs) – These are organisms that rely on other organisms for food. They include:Primary consumers (herbivores) that eat producers.Secondary consumers (carnivores or omnivores) that eat primary consumers.Tertiary consumers that eat secondary consumers.3. Decomposers – These organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, and worms, break down dead matter and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.4. Symbiotic Relationships – Various species in an ecosystem can live in close relationships with each other, such as mutualism (both benefit), parasitism (one benefits at the expense of the other), and commensalism (one benefits, the other is unaffected).5. Predators and Prey – The interaction between predators and their prey is a key factor that regulates population sizes in ecosystems.[tex][/tex]