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Answer:1. Which of the following volcanic particles is made up of rocky fragments about the size of a grain of rice? A. cinders Cinders are small, rocky fragments ejected from a volcano during an eruption. They are typically the size of small pebbles or grains of rice. 2. A volcano that may erupt again at some time in the distant future is, C. dormant A dormant volcano is one that is currently inactive but has the potential to erupt again in the future. Extinct volcanoes are not expected to erupt again. 3. The huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain is called a A. caldera A caldera is a large, cauldron-like depression that forms after a volcano collapses following a large eruption. 4. If geologists detect many small earthquakes in the area near a volcano, what can they infer about the volcano? C. It is probably about to erupt Small earthquakes near a volcano often indicate that magma is moving beneath the surface, increasing pressure and the likelihood of an eruption. 5. How does the release of trapped gases in magma cause a volcano to erupt? D. Under tremendous pressure, magma is forced to the surface of Earth's crust, causing an explosion. The pressure from expanding gases within the magma chamber forces the magma upward and out of the volcano's vent. 6. The main hazard from a quiet volcanic eruption is, B. lava flows Quiet eruptions are characterized by the relatively gentle outflow of lava, posing a significant hazard to anything in its path. 7. Tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash are called B. composite volcanoes Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, are built up from alternating layers of lava flows and pyroclastic materials (ash, cinders, etc.). 8. When many layers of thin, runny lava build up on a high, level area, the result is. C. lava plateau Lava plateaus are formed by the accumulation of extensive flows of fluid basaltic lava over a large area. 9. Which type of rock would you expect to form because of an explosive eruption? C. pumice Pumice is a volcanic rock formed from frothy lava that cools rapidly during an explosive eruption. Its porous texture is a result of trapped gases.