B. Do what is asked. Write your answers on the spaces provided. 1. Describe the impact of an earthquake in an urban area. Discuss the significance of preparedness in lessening the risks associated with earthquakes. 2. Explain the key astronomical factors that result in the changing of seasons on Earth. How does the tilt of the Earth's axis contribute to the Sun's varying position in the sky throughout the year?
Answer (1)
1. The Consequences of an Earthquake in a City and the Importance of PreparednessEarthquakes occurring in urban environments can inflict significant harm due to the concentrated presence of buildings, roads, and infrastructure. Intense shaking may result in structural failures, fires, gas leaks, and power failures, putting many lives at risk. Additionally, the disruption of transportation and emergency services can complicate rescue operations.Being prepared is essential for mitigating earthquake hazards. Enforcing stringent building regulations, implementing early warning systems, conducting emergency drills, and developing disaster response strategies can help reduce casualties and destruction. Informing the public about drop, cover, and hold techniques ensures that individuals are equipped to protect themselves. By investing in structures that can withstand earthquakes and efficient evacuation methods, urban areas can minimize the severe effects of seismic events.2. Major Astronomical Factors Influencing Seasonal ChangesThe transition between seasons on Earth is mainly driven by the tilt of the Earth's axis (23.5°) and its orbit around the Sun. As the Earth moves around the Sun, different regions of the planet receive varying levels of sunlight throughout the year.The inclination of the Earth's axis alters the position of the Sun in the sky, resulting in longer or shorter daylight periods. When one hemisphere leans towards the Sun, it enjoys summer with extended daylight and more direct sunlight. In contrast, when it tilts away from the Sun, it undergoes winter, characterized by shorter days and less intense sunlight. Throughout spring and autumn, both hemispheres are exposed to equal sunlight, bringing about moderate temperatures. This axial tilt accounts for the differences in temperature and climate distributions globally.
