Answer:Genetically Modified (GM) Foods 1. Usage and Function: Genetically modified (GM) foods are products whose genetic material (DNA) has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. This is done to enhance desirable traits in crops, such as increased yield, pest resistance, herbicide tolerance, or improved nutritional content. The process involves inserting specific genes from other organisms (bacteria, viruses, or other plants) into the plant's genome. These modified crops are then used to produce food products, such as corn, soybeans, cottonseed oil, and many processed foods containing these ingredients. 2. Controversial Aspects: GM foods remain highly controversial due to several ongoing questions and concerns: - Potential Health Risks: While numerous studies have found GM foods to be safe for human consumption, some groups remain skeptical. Concerns exist about potential long-term effects on human health, including allergic reactions, the development of antibiotic resistance, and the potential for unforeseen consequences from altering the genetic makeup of food. The long-term effects of consuming GM foods are still being studied and debated.- Environmental Impacts: The widespread adoption of herbicide-resistant GM crops has led to concerns about increased herbicide use, potentially leading to the development of herbicide-resistant weeds, harming biodiversity, and impacting soil health. There are also concerns about potential impacts on non-target organisms (like beneficial insects) and the potential for gene flow from GM crops to wild relatives.- Ethical and Social Concerns: Some individuals and groups raise ethical concerns about the patenting of life forms and the potential control of the food supply by large corporations. There are also concerns about the lack of labeling in some countries, limiting consumer choice and informed consent. The unequal distribution of benefits and risks associated with GM technology is another point of contention.- Lack of Transparency and Regulation: The regulatory processes surrounding GM foods vary considerably across countries. This lack of uniformity and transparency has fueled concerns about the safety and efficacy of GM foods, and whether adequate testing and oversight are in place.