Answer:the author describes a cause-and-effect relationship regarding volcanic activity. The movement of plates on the Earth's surface is the primary cause. As these tectonic plates shift, they exert pressure on the rocks beneath them. This pressure can cause the rocks to break or push up through the surface, leading to volcanic eruptions. When this hot rock, known as lava, reaches the Earth's surface, it cools and solidifies, eventually forming a volcano. Thus, the movement of the tectonic plates causes the emergence of lava, which results in the formation of volcanoes. This sequence highlights how geological processes are interconnected, illustrating the dynamic nature of our planet.
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