Science ADM October 23, 2024 Wednesday Watch the video lesson and answer the Guide questions on your notebook. 1. What is a cell? 2. Give the three major parts of a cell common to both plants and animals. 3. Differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells. (5 points each) Good morning.
Answer (1)
1. What is a cell?A cell is the smallest unit of life. It is the building block of all living organisms, from single-celled bacteria to complex multicellular organisms like humans.2. Three Major Parts of a Cell (Common to Plants and Animals)•Cell Membrane: This outer layer surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.•Cytoplasm: The jelly-like substance that fills the cell, containing various organelles.•Nucleus: The control center of the cell, housing the genetic material (DNA).3. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells=Prokaryotic Cells * Simpler in structure * Lack a nucleus * Smaller in size * Examples: Bacteria, Archaea=Eukaryotic Cells * More complex in structure * Have a nucleus containing DNA * Larger in size * Examples: Plants, animals, fungi, protistsKey Differences:-Nucleus: The most significant difference is the presence of a nucleus in eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, the genetic material is free-floating in the cytoplasm.-Organelles: Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles (like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus) that perform specific functions. Prokaryotic cells lack these organelles.-Size: Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.
