Discussion Questions:1. What are the main structural differences between plant and animal cells observed underthe microscope?2. Why do plant cells have a cell wall, and what is its function?3. What is the purpose of staining the cells with iodine solution and methylene blue?4. How does the shape of the cells differ between plant and animal cells, and why?5. What similarities did you observe between plant and animal cells?
Answer (1)
Answer:1. What are the main structural differences between plant and animal cells observed under the microscope? Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, which gives them their rectangular shape. They also contain chloroplasts, responsible for photosynthesis, which give them their green color. Animal cells lack both cell walls and chloroplasts, and instead have multiple, smaller vacuoles compared to the single, large vacuoles found in plant cells. 2. Why do plant cells have a cell wall, and what is its function? Plant cells have a cell wall to provide structural support and protection, allowing them to grow tall and withstand pressure. The cell wall also acts as a barrier against pathogens and helps regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell. The cell wall is essential for maintaining the cell's shape and integrity. 3. What is the purpose of staining the cells with iodine solution and methylene blue? Iodine solution stains starch, which is abundant in plant cells, making it easier to observe starch granules under the microscope. Methylene blue stains the nucleus of cells, highlighting its shape and location. Staining enhances contrast and makes cellular structures more visible, facilitating observation and analysis. 4. How does the shape of the cells differ between plant and animal cells, and why? Plant cells are typically rectangular or cubic due to the presence of their rigid cell wall. Animal cells, lacking a cell wall, are usually round or irregular in shape. The difference in shape is directly related to the presence or absence of the cell wall, which provides structural support and dictates the cell's form. 5. What similarities did you observe between plant and animal cells? Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic cells, meaning they have a membrane-bound nucleus containing their genetic material. They also both contain mitochondria, which are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production. Additionally, both plant and animal cells have a cell membrane, which regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
