SOLUTION:Step 1: List the given values.[tex]\begin{aligned} & V_{\text{solute}} = \text{100 mL} \\ & V_{\text{solution}} = \text{500 mL} \end{aligned}[/tex]Step 2: Calculate the percent by volume.[tex]\begin{aligned} \%(v/v) & = \frac{V_{\text{solute}}}{V_{\text{solution}}} \times 100\% \\ & = \frac{\text{100 mL}}{\text{500 mL}} \times 100\% \\ & = \boxed{20\%} \end{aligned}[/tex]Hence, the percent by volume of hydrogen peroxide is 20%.