Answer:how does the literature during the Spanish era differ from the literature during the pre colonial?Literature during the Pre-Colonial era in the Philippines was largely oral, rich in folklore, epics, and poetry reflecting indigenous beliefs, values, and traditions. Works like the "Hudhud" and "Biag ni Lam-ang" were passed down through generations, focusing on themes of nature, heroism, and community. In contrast, literature during the Spanish era, which began in the 16th century, evolved significantly due to European influence. It introduced written forms, such as novels, plays, and religious texts, often aimed at promoting Catholicism and colonial ideals. Writers like Jose Rizal and Francisco Balagtas emerged, using their works to criticize colonial rule and advocate for social reform. While Pre-Colonial literature celebrated local culture and spirituality, Spanish-era literature bridged indigenous narratives with colonized experiences, reflecting the complexities of identity and resistance in a transformed socio-political landscape.