-Guide Questions:Q1. What element is the most abundant in the Earth's crust?Q2. What elements make up most of the mantle?Q3. What is the special feature of the upper mantle?Q4. How did scientists come to know that the outer core is liquid?
Answer (1)
Answer:Q1. What element is the most abundant in the Earth's crust? * Answer: OxygenQ2. What elements make up most of the mantle? * Answer: Iron and magnesiumQ3. What is the special feature of the upper mantle? * Answer: It contains a partially molten layer called the asthenosphere, which is responsible for plate tectonics.Q4. How did scientists come to know that the outer core is liquid? * Answer: Scientists study seismic waves, which are vibrations caused by earthquakes. These waves travel differently through solid and liquid materials. The way that seismic waves travel through the Earth's core indicates that the outer core is liquid.Q5. What materials make up the inner core? * Answer: Iron and nickelQ6. Is the inner core solid, liquid, or gas? What keeps it in this phase? * Answer: The inner core is solid. The extreme pressure and temperature at the Earth's center keep it in a solid state, even though it's made of iron and nickel, which are normally metals.Q7. Compare the inner core and the outer core. * Answer: The inner core is solid, while the outer core is liquid. Both are made primarily of iron and nickel. The inner core is smaller than the outer core and is surrounded by the outer core.
