Read the excerpt from an interview with a geology student. Then prepare yourself to an-swer the following questions. Write your answers on your pad paper.Do you recommend studying geology? "Of course! In terms of employment opportunities,gealogy is a very diverse field so there are many options to consider after graduation. There is theindustry foil & gas, metals & mining, cement, etc.), the government (MGB, PHILVOCS, DENR.DOST, DPWH, etc.), and the academe. The salary level is of no question, the fresh graduates arecompensated above average which may reach up to around Php 60,000 depending on the fuld.For experienced employees, based on what I know from my seniors, they are among the higheatpaid professionals. In fact, the geologists are the second highest paid professionals in the countraccording to the 2013 data from DOLB.". (a testimony from a Filipino geologist who graduated in2013 from UP Diliman).PWhat do you think are the primary topics that you are going to learn in yourfireyear of study? Give 3 topics that you have ideas about.Assess Your LearningBriefly answer the following questions based on our discussion.1. Explain the two ways how magma is formed.2. What are the factors that contribute to magma formation?3. Which component of magma is the highest and the lowest in value4. What is indicated by the amount of silica present in magma?5. Describe how an igneous rock is formed.
Answer (1)
Answer:1. Magma forms from solid rock through two main processes: decompression melting and flux melting:Decompression melting: Occurs when rock rises or the crust above it thins. This can happen when mantle plumes or convection currents rise, or when plate material collides and subducts.Flux melting: Occurs when volatile compounds, like water, are added.there processes that can generate magma include: Heat transfer: Heat from the mantle melts rock in the lithosphere. Regional metamorphism: Intense regional metamorphism can generate a small amount of magma that becomes a hybrid metamorphic-igneous rock called migmatite. 2. Magma formation is driven by heat, pressure, and the presence of certain compounds. Here's how these factors play a role:HeatPrimarily responsible for magma formation, especially when tectonic plates collide. Rising heat from mantle plumes or convection currents can also create conditions for melting. PressureDecreasing pressure is a common cause of magma formation, as rock melts when pressure decreases.CompoundsAdding water or carbon dioxide to rock, known as flux melting, lowers the melting point and can create magma in solid areas. Tectonic settingsSubduction zones, mid-ocean ridges, and hotspots all influence magma formation through processes like plate material collisions and mantle plumes. Rock compositionThe composition of the source material and surrounding rock can impact magma's chemical makeup. Magma composition is also affected by partial melting, fractional crystallization, and magma mixing. The temperature and mineral content of magma determine how easily it flows.3. Felsic magma 4. the higher is its viscosity.5. Igneous rocks (from the Latin word for fire) form when hot, molten rock crystallizes and solidifies. The melt originates deep within the Earth near active plate boundaries or hot spots, then rises toward the surface.
